Previous studies have investigated extrahepatic multiple primary malignancy (EHPM) associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its correlation with viral infection, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), has not been examined. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between EHPM and hepatitis infection in HCC patients. A total of 412 patients wh...

Clinical manifestations between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extra-hepatic primary malignancy (EHPM) are lack of large-scale study. We enrolled 14555 HCC patients between 1986 and 2013 retrospectively. The EHPM was classified as prior, synchronous and metachronous group based on before, within and after 6 months of HCC diagnosis, respectively. The incidence rate of EHPM is 3.91% (95% conf...

First of all, as Editor-in-Chief, I want to welcome our readers to a new era of Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (EHPM), the official journal of the Japanese Society for Hygiene. Since 1996, EHPM has been a major journal in the field of environmental medicine and public health, disseminating the latest exciting research in the field of environmental health and preventive medicine. E...

Episodic memory is thought to critically depend on interaction of the hippocampus with distributed brain regions [1-3]. Specific contributions of distinct networks have been hypothesized, with the hippocampal posterior-medial (HPM) network implicated in the recollection of highly precise contextual and spatial information [3-6]. Current evidence for HPM specialization is mostly indirect, derive...

In 2006, hospice and palliative medicine (HPM) became an officially recognized subspecialty. This designation helped initiate the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education Outcomes Project in HPM. As part of this process, a group of expert clinician-educators in HPM defined the initial competency-based outcomes for HPM fellows (General HPM Competencies). Concurrently, these experts re...

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a significant public health threat, as it is the main vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Disease control efforts could be enhanced through reproductive manipulation of these vectors. Previous work has revealed a relationship between male seminal fluid proteins transferred to females during mating and female post-mating physiology and behavior. To better unde...

To directly determine whether the mechanism of activation of human plasminogen (HPg) by staphylokinase (Sak) required formation of an active complex of Sak and HPg, recombinant (r) variants of HPg were examined that allowed dissection of the steps involved in this activation. The rate of activation of wild-type (wt) r-HPg by equimolar levels of Sak was enhanced when small amounts of human plasm...

The object of this investigation was to distinguish between two potential mechanisms of activation of human plasminogen (HPg) to plasmin (HPm) by catalytic levels of the activator complex, streptokinase.plasmin (SK* .HPm). One mechanism, which is widely supported, postulates an enzymatic role for SK*. HPm in the conversion of molar excesses of plasminogen to plasmin. A more recently described k...

Homotopy Perturbation Method is an effective method to find a solution of a nonlinear differential equation, subjected to a set of boundary condition. In this method a nonlinear and complex differential equation is transformed to series of linear and nonlinear and almost simpler differential equations. These set of equations are then solved secularly. Finally a linear combination of the solutio...